Water Absoption Test Of Bricks – Laboratory Method

Water Absoption Test Of Bricks – Laboratory Method

by | Apr 11, 2013 | Material Testing

Bricks Kept For Drying In Hot Air Oven

Aim :

To determine the water absorption capacity of a brick as per IS: 3495 (Part II)-1992.

Theory:

The water absorption of bricks is not related directly to the porosity owing to the nature of pores themselves. Some of Pores may be through pores which permit air to escape in absorption tests and allow free passage of water in absorption tests, but other are completely seated and inaccessible to water under ordinary conditions. For this reason it is seldom possible to fill more than about three quarters of pores by simple immersion in cold water. For measuring total absorption the boiling method is adpted. More is the water absorption capacity weaker is the brick and vice versa.

Apparatus :

  • Drying Oven
  • Balance
  • Immersion Tank etc.

Procedure :

  1. Select five bricks at random.
  2. Dry the specimen in a drying oven at a temparature of 110’C to 115’C for 24hrs.
  3. Remove the Bricks from the oven and cool them to room temperature and obtain it’s weight W1(kg)
  4. Immerse the five bricks completely in water at 27’+/-2’C for 24hrs.
  5. Remove the specimen and wipe out any traces of water with a damp cloth and weigh the specimen within three minutes after it’s removal from water. Let its weight be W2 (kg).
  6. Water Absorption Capacity in terms of percentage by weight is given by  (((W2-W1)/W1)*100)
  7. Take the Average Value of water absorption capacity.

Observations and Calculations :

 Sl. No.   Oven Dry wt. of specimen(W1)    Wet wt. of specimen(W2)    Water Absorption   Remarks

1

2

3

4

5

[N.B.: The water absorption capacities for various classes of bricks should not exceed the following :

1st Class Brick ==> Not more than 20% by weight
2nd Class Brick ==> Not more than 22% by weight
3rd Class Brick ==> Not more than 25% by weight ]

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Water Absoption Test Of Bricks – Laboratory Method

The Brick Test For Quality Assurance

by | Apr 11, 2013 | Material Testing


Bricks of Bad Quality Broken by Falling from a height of 1 metre
 

Aim:

To check the quality of bricks regarding (i) Size, (ii) Shape, (iii) Colour, (iv) Hardness and Soundness (v) Density as per IS: 1077-1992, 3495-1992

Specifications:

Size : The standard size of common building bricks traditionally used in West Bengal (248 mm x 121 mm x 70mm) and modular bricks 190 x 90 x 90 mm. Usually the length of bricks should be twice the width plus one mortar joint.
Shape : First class bricks should be truly rectangular in shape with smooth faces, straight and sharp edges. Edges should be at right angle at corners.
Colour : A well brunt-brick should be uniform ‘brick-red’ colour. A pale colour indicates under burning. A bluish colour indicates over burning.
Hardness and Soundness : First class bricks should have a fine compact and uniform texture. It should be hard, strong and durable. It should give a metallic sound when struck with a hammer or another brick. When dropped down from a height of one metre on another brick resting on ground it should not break. A freshly fractured should not show any cracks, fissures, hole, lump or pebbles etc.
When scratched with a finger nail, if no impression in left on the surface, the brick is assumed to be sufficiently hard.
Density:
Find the density of brick taking mean weight and mean volume. Equipment:
Steel tape, metre scale, Try-square, balance, drying oven etc.
Procedure :
1.  Take 20 whole bricks at random from the stack, and all blisters, loose particles of clay and small projections shall be removed. 
2.  Arrange 20-numbers of full size bricks lengthwise leaving no gap in between and measure the total length. Repeat the measurement three times and take the mean.Get the length of single brick by dividing the mean by 20. 
3.  Take three such measurements by keeping the bricks breadthwise. Find the breadth of single brick as before. 
4.  Likewise find the height of single brick by arranging heightwise. 
5.  Record the result in table No. 1.
6.  Observe the faces, edges and colour of the bricks and note the observation.
7.  Take one brick in your left hand and strike with a hammer or another brick and note the sound. Allow a brick to fall a height of 1 metre on another brick resting on ground and see if it breaks. 
8.  Break one or two bricks and examine for the texture. 
9.  Scratch the brick surface with thumb-nail, observe whether any mark is left on the surface.
Observation and Results:            
Size :
Table I

Trials        Trial -1       Trial-II      Trial III     Mean of 3     Mean of 20-bricks    Remarks

                                                                                                  
Length
Breadth
Height
Final Size:
Shape : Condition of
(i)     Faces –
(ii)   Edges –
Colour:
Striking Sound : Emits metallic sound / Emits dull sound
Result of dropping from a height of one meter : Break / Does not break
Texture : Uniform and closely grained / Non uniform-existence of cracks, fissure, holes, lumps of lime, pebbles etc.
Hardness : Finger nail impression – yes/no

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Water Absoption Test Of Bricks – Laboratory Method

Introduction To Online Civil Engineering

by | Apr 2, 2013 | Job & How To

Online Civil Engineering

Civil Engineering deals with static structure. The main objective of Civil Engineering is to make Safe, Economical Structures, by Analytical Distribution of Load. There are various mammoth structures which now a days are made possible with the new technology and Analysis with automation without much difficulty. The most important part in this generation of development is in the media, where information we exchange with, and Internet is the absolute necessary in today’s life to get connected with newer views and findings. We already know about the power of Internet and how it has been now possible to do work from the desk from one location to another location virtually. Now a days it’s possible to repair a Computer to some extent online, to suggest medicines by a doctor to a patient, to Teach from around the world and in the all other fields. But still most of the people doesn’t know that the same is applicable for the field of Civil Engineering Also.
Here the Concept of Online Civil Engineering Arrives. Let me explain, Civil Engineering is a vast field and deals with Planning, Designing, and Execution in short. Here only the Execution of a work is to be done directly on the project site, and others are Desk jobs. But before the execution for a work can be done, it needs big processes to come upto the point of starting of the execution, that means Planning and Designing. The Following Jobs are the Desk based jobs partially or fully, for which you don’t need to be appear in the site physically, they are :-

  1. Planning
  2. Estimating and Costing.
  3. Designing
  4. Valuation
  5. Accounts

Online Civil Engineering Consultancy :-

We all know what is Civil Engineering Consultancy is, but in India specially it’s so much manual. A Civil Engineering Consultancy Firm can launch there Consultancy services Online and may get more and more consignments to do. It will flourish them and as well as it will ease the process of doing the job. And from customers or Parties point of view, A party may get competitive rates for the same job to be done, and hence can get the best deal. The best part is, in Online Civil Engineering the Location will never become the barrier. suppose a Party in New York City will contact with someone with Drawings for preparing an Estimate in the same city that is in the New York, and suppose He has to pay $500 to the Estimator. But n case of Online Civil Engineering Services, the same person can contact to a Online Civil Engineering Consultancy Firm in India through Internet and send his Drawings over to them, and suppose the Consultancy Firm in India is offering a Deal at $450, that means here the Party saves $50 and also the Consultancy Firm got a Consignment from different Country, which was not Possible if there was not the Online Civil Engineering. There is a Huge Scope in this field as it’s a new Concept.
There are more of them than listed above  for which you may not need to appear physically in the site, or you only require a single visit. This Jobs Can be done at Home or Office in front of a Computer and the same can be given via Internet to the concerned authority or the Party on Demand. This will speed up the progress and save so much of valuable time for the work and will ease the Engineer to discharge there duties properly.
For a Multi National Company (MNC)  in the field of Construction a General Construction Company , there are several units working for a specific type analysis and output for a work, and they may be located at different points withing a city or at far away, it may become tedious job to link them all and synchronise, but with the Help of Online Civil Engineering it may not be a problem of concern.

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Valuation And Some Terms Related To It

Valuation And Some Terms Related To It

by | Apr 1, 2013 | Uncategorized

Valuation Of Properties


What is Valuation :-

Valuation is the art of assessing the fair present value of a Property at a stated time. Valuation of anything is an estimate of the value of that thing in terms of money. It only attempts at suggesting the fair prices. Yet, valuation is not an arbitrary process. It’s based on some facts and only after a judicious processing of those facts and indications, we are able to suggest the value or fair price f the property. Valuation is not the Cost of a Property.

Purposes of Valuation :-

The purpose of valuation of a property are different and may differ according to different cases. Some of the important purposes are as follows –
  1. Purchase for Investment or Occupation.
  2. Tax Fixation.
  3. Sale of a Property.
  4. Rent Fixation.
  5. Insurance Premium.
  6. Mortgage value or Security of Loans.
  7. Compulsory Acquisition.
  8. Speculation.
  9. Wealth Tax and Estate Duty.
  10. Gift Tax.
  11. Partition.
  12. Assessment of Income or Stamp Fees.
  13. Capital Gain Tax.

Scrap Value :-

Scrap Value is the sell value of dismantled materials of an asset at the end of it’s useful life. Scrap Value is counted in the calculation of depreciation of a property, generally @10% of the cost of the Structure. Scrap Value of an asset is merely sell value of scrap and has a limitation.

Salvage Value :-

Salvage Value is the Estimated Value of an asset without dismantling it at the end of it’s useful life. Ordinarily the Salvage Value influences in the calculation of depreciation is omitted by Scrap Value. Salvage Value deposition may take the form of a sell of asset to a purchaser who will continue to use it for the function for which it was originally designed.

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The Best Laptop Within $1000 or Rupees 50000

The Best Laptop Within $1000 or Rupees 50000

by | Mar 28, 2013 | Uncategorized

HP Pavilion m6

There are various Laptops now available in the market with different kinds of configurations. Today’s Laptops are equipped with whooping amount of RAM and Processing Power. There is Toshiba, HP, Dell, Lenevo, Acer and many other Brands in the market which provides Hi Quality Laptops. The Leading Brands in the Indian Market are mainly HP, the Best known for it’s Quality, The Dell Known for it’s Configurations, and Lenevo for it’s low end Price. As I’m a Student of Civil Engineering I need to work with different Drafting and Designing Softwares like AutoCAD, STAAD Pro, REVIT etc. These softwares requires greater Processing power with much bigger RAM and Graphics Card of Good Quality for Fast Response or it will lag. After researching on the in the Internet and going to various stores different I found that HP is the best in terms of quality of the Product. In the Late 2012 HP launched there New Laptop Series Of HP Pavilion Starting with M. I Choose HP Pavilion m6 from those due to it’s great Configuration and Power.

Configurations:-

Processor – Intel i5 3rd Generation 2.55 GHz
RAM – 6GB DDR3
Hard Disk – 1 TB
Display – 15.6″ HD Ready HP Bright View LED Screen having Maximum Resolution of 1366 X 720
Audio – 2 Front Speakers 1 Sub-Woofer with HP Beats Audio
Graphics – ATI Radeon HD7860 2GB
Keyboard and Touch Pad – Island Style Keyboard along with Separate Number Pad, Touch Pad with   
                                             Multi Touch Gesture
Connectivity – 3 Nos. of USB 3.0 and 1 No. of USB 2.0, HDMI Port, VGA Port, RJ45 Socket, Wi-Fi, 
                        Bluetooth
Operating System – Windows 7 / Windows 8   64Bit
Special Locking Facility – Biomatric Finger Print Scanner
Battery Life – Approximately 3 Hours For Standard Use (Yes, This is the True Fact)

Key Features :- 

  • Huge RAM and Hard Disk
  • Powerful Graphics
  • Very Thin and Lite, Just Next to Ultrabook
  • Stunning Looks
  • USB 3.0 :- 3Nos.

Price :- 

Around Rupees 50,000 or $1000
I Personally Use this Laptop and I can say that I’m truly satisfied with this Laptop, It’s Great in Power Superb in Looks and Also Durable.

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